HEALTH PROMOTIONS ORAL COMPLEX QUESTIONS | DOWNLOAD QUESTIONS

1. Define Health promotion                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        

Health promotion (HP) is defined as the process of enabling people to improve and increase control over their health. HP action involves helping people to develop personal skills, creating supportive environments, strengthening communities and influencing governments to enact health public policies.

• Mention five(4) examples of health promotion activities

1. Water and sanitation activities
2. Nutrition program for a community
3. Infection prevention activities such immunization
4. Awareness campaign on HIV testing
5. What is the goal of health promotion

Health Promotion aims to strengthen the skills and capabilities of individuals and groups so that they can take actions to change social, environmental, and economic conditions to improve public and individual health.

• Mention five (5) objectives of health promotion

1. Prevent disease (preventive and early medical treatment) and early medical treatment
2. Prevent complications of diseases
3. Ensure that people are well-informed and able to make healthy choices.
4. Help people acquire the skills and confidence to take greater control over their health
5. Change policies and environments to facilitate healthy choices

• Mention three main strategies used in the implementation of health promotion

1. Enabling
2. Creating environments that are supportive of health
3. Advocacy to create the essential conditions for health

• Mention five (5) principles of Health Promotion

1. Empowerment for health
2. Participatory
3. Inter-sectoral
4. Sustainable
5. Multi-strategy
6. Holistic
7. What is the Aim of Health Promotion Approaches

All approaches of health promotion aim to promote good health and to prevent or reduce the effects of ill health.

• Mention five (5) Health Promotion Approaches
  • Preventive Approach
  • Behavior Change Approach
  • Self Empowerment Approach- Educational
  • Self Empowerment Approach- Educational
  • Community Development Approach or Social Change Approach
  • The Ecological Approach

• Mention five (5) pillars of health promotions according to  WHO

1. Build healthy public policy, 
2. Create supportive environments,
3.  Strengthen community actions,
4. Develop personal skills, and
5. Reorient health services

1.  Mention five (5) diseases of public health importance in Tanzania

1. Rabies
2. Cholera
3. Acute flaccid paralysis
4. Measles
5. Typhoid
6. Meningitis
7. Dysentery
8. Malaria

1. What are the benefits of understanding the diseases of public health importance?

1. Be creative whenever these diseases occur
2. Inform the administration – communication
3. Be able to adjust and use available resources
4. Be prepared to respond quickly
5. Understand the preventing/controlling measures
6. Reduce/prevent spread of the disease

1.  Mention four (4) resources for  prevention and control of diseases of public health importance

1. Human
2. Finance
3. Time
4. Space and Infrastructure

1. Mention five(5) points considered by health planners when conducting assessments to find out the community needs
2. What is a problem(s)
3. What is the extent
4. Who, when, how, (why if possible) – is the problem affecting
5. Other problem(s) and their extents
6. What is currently done
7. Who are responsible with the capacity available
8. Other opportunities
9. Threats

1.  Mention five (5) stakeholders involved in  integrated community health services
2. Community members
3. Community leaders
4. Health facility staff
5. Health facility clients
6. Community health workers
7. Local government/councils
8. Ministry of Health (MOHCDGEC)
9. Other ministries e.g. Ministry of Work, Education etc
10. Non-governmental organizations – NGOs
11. Other funding organizations e.g. International, national and local interested

1.   Mention five (5) key steps followed in planning community health intervention
2. Conduct assessments to find out needs
3. Identify priority area and problem definition
4. Solutions identification and Strategies to be used
5. Activities for each strategy
6. Monitoring and evaluation plan
7. Implementation
8. Final Evaluation

1.  Mention five (5) examples of participatory learning by considering Self Empowerment Approach
2. Group work
3. Counseling
4. Training
5. Storytelling
6. Educational drama

1.  What is the aim of   Preventive Approach in health promotion?

Preventive Approach aims to reduce premature deaths (mortality) and avoidable diseases (morbidity).

1.  What do you understand by Public Health

Public Health is the process of promoting health, the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and improving quality of life through organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals

1. What do you understand by Diseases of Public Health Importance

Diseases of Public Health Importance refers to a communicable disease that may pose a public health emergency of international concern according to the World Health Organization’s International Health Regulations

or

Any quarantinable, communicable disease specified

• What do you understand by Rare Diseases of Public Health Importance

Rare diseases of public health significance are defined as diseases or conditions of general public health concern not listed elsewhere which are not commonly diagnosed

• What do you understand by Community health intervention?

Community health intervention is a specific activity intending to bring about a required outcome in a particular population using common strategy in a group of people, often living in a defined geographical area who share common culture, values and norms, and arranged in a social structure according to relationship which the group has developed over a period

•  What do you understand by Integrated community health intervention

Integrated community health intervention is specific activity intending to bring about a required outcome in a particular population using common strategy in a group of people, often living in a defined geographical area who share common culture, values and norms, and arranged in a social structure according to relationship which the group has developed over a period incorporated into other health services/interventions

•  Define Intervention plan

Intervention plan is a  roadmap for your activities that facilitates your program’s/project’s systematic implementation to bring about an intended outcome/change in a particular target population

•  Mention at least three (3) Activities of Monitoring and evaluation plan
• Decide on important activities to be monitored
• Agree on indicators
• Set targets for each indicator
• Prepare and Agree on tools to be used to collect the information
• Agree on format of the M&E report
• Agree on frequency of reporting e.g. weekly, monthly, quarterly, every six months or annually
• Agree on reporting channel  (levels or stakeholders to report or receive the report)

•  Mention at least 3 activities to be done during Implementation of health intervention
• Agree on when to start implementation
• Agree on when to complete implementation
• Agree on dates for conducting each activity – those which are for short time, life time of project/program